Campbell Chapter 5 Test

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

  1. What is energy?
    1. the capacity to perform work
    2. the amount of food eaten
    3. movement
    4. the rearrangement of chemical molecules within matter
    5. the capacity to produce heat
  2. Kinetic energy is
    a. the energy of movement. c. ATP. e. stored energy.
    b. conserved energy. d. potential energy.
  3. A rock on the top of a mountain contains ______ energy.
    a. no c. kinetic e. potential
    b. conserved d. motion
  4. The principle that energy cannot be created or destroyed in known as ______.
    a. enthalpy c. interconversion e. conservation of energy
    b. entropy d. conservation of heat
  5. Which of the following is a measure of disorder?
    a. respiration c. kinetic energy e. entropy
    b. conservation of energy d. potential energy
  6. A kilocalorie is equal to
    a. 1000 calories. c. 10 calories.
    b. 100 calories. d. 0.001 calories.
  7. Glucose molecules provide energy to power the swimming motion of sperm. In this example, the sperm are changing ______.
    1. chemical energy into potential energy
    2. kinetic energy into potential energy
    3. chemical energy into kinetic energy
    4. kinetic energy into chemical energy
    5. None of the choices are correct.
  8. What compound directly provides energy for cellular work?
    a. C6H12O6 c. DNA e. rubisco
    b. fat d. ATP
  9. What form of energy is ATP?
    a. potential c. ionic e. kinetic
    b. work d. motion
     
  10. Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by ______.
    1. contributing water to the reaction
    2. decreasing activation energy
    3. contributing electrons to the reaction
    4. changing the pH of the substrates
    5. increasing the temperature of the substrates
  11. Usually, enzymes are ______.
    a. monosaccharides c. fats e. proteins
    b. phospholipids d. steroids
  12. An enzyme's function is dependent on its ______.
    a. size c. shape e. temperature
    b. weight d. pH
  13. Which one of the following is true?
    1. An enzyme's function is unaffected by antibiotics.
    2. Enzymes catalyze specific reactions.
    3. Enzymes are the reactants in a chemical reaction.
    4. Most enzymes are lipids.
    5. An enzyme's function requires inhibitors.
  14. The region of an enzyme to which a substrate binds is called the ______ site.
    a. denatured c. substrate e. active
    b. enzymatic d. conformational
  15. Which one of the following is NOT true?
    1. Enzymes are very specific for certain substrates.
    2. Enzymes are used up in chemical reactions.
    3. An enzyme binds to its substrate at the enzyme's active site.
    4. An enzyme's function depends on its three-dimensional shape.
    5. Enzymes emerge unchanged from the reactions they catalyze.
  16. Which component of the following reaction is the substrate?
    lactose + lactase + water → lactase + glucose + fructose
    a. lactase c. fructose e. glucose
    b. lactose d. There is no substrate in this reaction.
  17. Which component of the following reaction is the enzyme?
    lactose + lactase + water → lactase + glucose + fructose
    a. fructose c. lactase e. lactose
    b. glucose d. water
  18. The movement of atoms, ions, or molecules from a region of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration is called _____.
    a. spontaneous combustion c. diffusion e. heat
    b. crenation d. active transport
  19. Which of the following is NOT a true statement about diffusion? Diffusion ______.
    1. is a result of the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules
    2. requires no input of energy into the system
    3. is driven by entropy
    4. proceeds until equilibrium is reached
    5. occurs when particles spread from areas where they are less concentrated to areas where they are more concentrated
  20. A cell that neither gains nor loses water when it is immersed in a solution is ______.
    a. isotonic to its environment c. dead e. hypotonic to its environment
    b. metabolically inactive d. hypertonic to its environment
  21. A balloon permeable to water but not to glucose contains a 10% glucose solution. A beaker contains a 5% glucose solution. Which of the following is true?
    1. The solution in the balloon is isotonic; the solution in the beaker is hypertonic.
    2. When placed in the beaker, the balloon will lose water by osmosis.
    3. The solution in the beaker is hypertonic relative to the solution in the balloon.
    4. The solution in the balloon is hypertonic relative to the solution in the beaker.
    5. When placed in the beaker, the balloon will experience neither a net gain nor a net loss of water.
  22. Some protozoans have special organelles called contractile vacuoles that continually eliminate excess water from the cell. The presence of these organelles tells you that the environment ______.
    a. is isotonic to the protozoan c. is hypotonic to the protozoan e. contains a higher concentration of solutes than the protozoan
    b. is hypertonic to the protozoan d. None of the choices are correct.
  23. Which of the following statements is true about passive transport?
    1. Passive transport operates independently of diffusion.
    2. Passive transport operates independently of concentration.
    3. Passive transport phenomena can never reach equilibrium.
    4. Passive transport does not occur in the human body.
    5. Passive transport requires no expenditure of cellular energy.
  24. Which of these statements describes what occurs in facilitated diffusion?
    1. Facilitated diffusion is another name for osmosis.
    2. Facilitated diffusion of solutes occurs through phospholipid pores in the membrane.
    3. Facilitated diffusion requires energy to drive a concentration gradient.
    4. Facilitated diffusion of solutes utilizes transport proteins.
    5. There is only one kind of transport protein for facilitated diffusion.
  25. Which one of the following is NOT involved in facilitated diffusion?
    a. a concentration gradient c. a membrane e. a protein
    b. an outside energy source d. all the above are involved
  26. The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called _____.
    a. active transport c. osmosis e. exocytosis
    b. passive transport d. facilitated diffusion
     
  27. If the volume of a cell increases when it is placed in a solution, that solution is said to be __________ to the cell.
    a. hypertonic c. subatomic e. isotonic
    b. gin and tonic d. hypotonic
  28. Sea water is dangerous to drink because ___________.
    1. one cup of sea water contains enough sodium to poison you.
    2. sea water is hypertonic to your body tissues and drinking it will cause you to lose water by osmosis.
    3. sea water is isotonic to your body fluids and you will absorb too much water, causing your cells to burst.
    4. the salt causes hypertension and you will promptly die of a stroke.
    5. it contains toxic levels of iodine.
  29. The concentration of solutes in a red blood cell is about 2%. Sucrose cannot pass through the membrane, but water and urea can. Osmosis would cause red blood cells to shrink the most when immersed in which of the following solutions?
    a. a hypertonic sucrose solution c. a hypotonic sucrose solution e. a hypertonic urea solution
    b. a hypotonic urea solution d. pure water
  30. Which of these processes can move a solute against its concentration gradient?
    a. passive transport c. active transport e. diffusion
    b. facilitated diffusion d. osmosis
  31. Active transport ______.
    a. can involve the transport of ions c. can move solutes against their concentration gradient e. requires the cell to expend energy
    b. uses ATP as an energy source d. All of the choices are correct.
  32. Which of the following is a difference between active transport and facilitated diffusion?
    1. Active transport involves transport proteins and facilitated diffusion does not.
    2. Facilitated diffusion can move solutes against a concentration gradient and active transport cannot.
    3. Facilitated diffusion requires energy from ATP and active transport does not.
    4. Facilitated diffusion involves transport proteins and active transport does not.
    5. Active transport requires the expenditure of cellular energy, and facilitated diffusion does not.
  33. When in solution, a molecule that moves slowly across an artificial membrane moves rapidly across a plasma membrane. This occurs regardless of whether the concentration of this molecule is higher inside or outside the cell. Using this information, which transport mechanism is most likely to be responsible for the movement of the molecule across a plasma membrane?
    a. diffusion c. phagocytosis e. active transport
    b. exocytosis d. facilitated diffusion
  34. Which one of the following terms specifically refers to the intake of very large particles by cells?
    a. endocytosis c. exocytosis e. pseudocytosis
    b. osmosis d. pinocytosis
  35. The act of a white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is ______.
    a. osmosis c. phagocytosis e. diffusion
    b. receptor-mediated endocytosis d. pinocytosis
 

Answers

  1. a
  2. a
  3. e
  4. e
  5. e
  6. a
  7. c
  8. d
  9. a
  10. b
  11. e
  12. c
  13. b
  14. e
  15. b
  16. b
  17. c
  18. c
  19. e
  20. a
  21. d
  22. c
  23. e
  24. d
  25. b
  26. c
  27. d
  28. b
  29. a
  30. c
  31. d
  32. e
  33. e
  34. a
  35. c

What to study?

Practice question numbers Topic Campbell pages
1 to 7 Energy 73 - 76
8 to 9 ATP 76 - 77
10 to 17 Enzymes 78 - 79
18 to 35 Membrane transport 80 - 82

bioa_campbell_ch5_test_practice.htm   |  revised 4/11/2007